Problem †Based Learning in Teaching and Learning High School Geometry: Its Effects on Students’ Attitude and Performance

Section 1 The Problem and Its Setting INTRODUCTION Rationale New arithmetic are found and created ordinary and there is an extraordinary indication of developing acknowledgment of the need among the science teachers to expand the accentuation put on critical thinking for all understudies. (Paja 2001). Arithmetic developed in the course of the last scarcely any thousand years in numerous stages. In secondary school science in Philippine settings include rudimentary polynomial math, middle variable based math, geometry and progressed algebra.All of these were focus in responding to inquiries concerning reality. Normal individuals of any age are attempt of science in which they develops ideas, find connections, imagine strategies, execute calculations, convey and take care of issues presented by their own genuine universes. (Cangelosis, as cited by Paja 2001). Frequently, arithmetic is a troublesome subject for understudies who experiences issues in retaining equations and utilizing con sistent thinking.Students adapt practically nothing of what they are instructed however in the event that they learn through hands on and minds on approach (Paja, 2001) and on the off chance that it will consolidate into regular exercises and in subjects like dialects expressions, science, social examinations, visual expressions, music, physical training, fundamental abilities and performing expressions. Posadas, as cited by Paja 2001 said that they will learn all the more seriously and with longer maintenance. Understudies in today’s age are useful work students, investigational students and amiable learner.In pertinent to that science instructors ought to investigate another system of instructing that caters the necessities of the understudies that we have today. As indicated by Paja 2001 in his examination on Practical Work Strategy in Teaching and Learning Plane Geometry: Its Effects on Students’ Achievement says that using viable work system in educating and learn ing plane geometry with the guide of manipulative materials has all the more arriving at impact on students’ accomplishment in numerical substance and procedure abilities than the traditional.Problem †based learning is an understudy focused instructional methodology in which understudy cooperatively tackles issues and thinks about their encounters. (http://en. wikipedia. organization/wiki/Problem-based_learing). Dewey suggested that training ought to be based on the child’s interests and encounters (Ernest, 1991). Training gets important and genuine to understudies when it is associated with them actually, instead of utilizing materials that might be dynamic and inconsequential to a child’s lived reality. (Douglas, 1994).In today’s universe of instruction, heaps of investigates that directed advancing and empowering dynamic learning in arithmetic. Yet we are looking for different strategies in educating science. In a specific University of Cebu †Main High School Department centers simply around the undertakings of improving students’ fitness on reasonable information. In instructing science is generally it is an instructor †focused in light of the fact that less endeavors for understudies to be include in each class communication, performing numerical procedures through examination and disclosure in this manner upgrading arithmetic procedural skills.This study expects to decide the adequacy of issue †put together learning with respect to students’ mentality and execution in secondary school geometry in which we look for other technique that provides food the sort of students that we have. It furnish instructors with proposed instructing methodologies that would incredibly impact student’s inspiration and eagerness as they grow profound comprehension of the difficult points in science. This examination likewise offers a methodology that intended for singular learning and it urged to assume lia bility of their gathering and compose and direct taking in process with help from an instructor.Problem †based learning is utilized to improve content information and encourage the advancement of correspondence, issue †explaining and self heading learning abilities. Hypothetical BACKGROUND Problem †based learning (PBL) is a way to deal with organizing the educational program which includes standing up to understudies with issues from training which give an improvement to learning. (Buod and Feletti, 1991). They used to improve content information and encourage the advancement of correspondence, issue †tackling and self coordinated learning skills.In PBL classes, understudies likewise sum up and present their answers in a finishing experience. The rule job of the instructor in PBL is that of a facilitator or instructive mentor directing the students in the PBL procedure. Instructor isn't the sole asset of data, yet rather controls understudies as they search out s uitable assets. Issue †Based Learning (PBL) is an understudy †focused instructional system in which understudies cooperatively tackle issues and consider their encounters, as opposed to adapt essentially through talks or textbooks.Problem †based learning require the advancement of various part capabilities, for example, the abilities of correspondence, basic thinking, intelligent and expository way to deal with issues, contemplated dynamic and self †assessment. (Buod and Feletti, 1991). Engel sees issue †based learning as a methods for creating learning for capacity instead of learning for securing information. The adequacy of the PBL relies upon the idea of understudy commitment and the way of life of the study hall, just as the propriety of the issue undertakings assigned.Proponents of PBL accept that when understudies build up their own concern †unraveling systems, they are incorporating their theoretical information with their procedural abilities. (Gilo, 2008). In 1960’s at McMaster Medical School, the PBL approach was begun wherein the methodology created by the personnel out of the apparent need to deliver graduates who were set up to manage the data blast and who could think basically and take care of complex issues. This foundation built up its whole educational plan around PBL. (Buod and Feletti, 1991).However medication has additionally been among the pioneers in the utilization of issue based learning as a methods towards amending the current circumstance in undergrad clinical training (Spaulding as cited by Buod and Feletti, 1991) and post graduate clinical instruction (Jack and Engel as cited by Buod and Feletti, 1991). Not long after medication schools embraced PBL as their focal point of guidance not later different fields will utilize issue †based learning in instructing. The development has reached out into the K-12 field also. Camp, 1996). Instructors and managers of the organization needed understud ies who could think basically, take care of issues and work in groups. Furthermore, numerous undergrad establishments started to create PBL projects and educational programs. Aalaborg has one of the most far reaching undergrad PBL educational program, and Maastricnt likewise has a create PBL program of study. All the more as of late, in the U. S. , the University of Delaware has turned consideration toward Problem †based learning, as has Samford University in Birminghan, Alabama.In expansion to these progressively exhaustive endeavors, singular employees at in excess of 300 organizations are utilizing PBL at the undergrad level (PBL knowledge, p. 7 as cited by Gilo, 2008). Through the investigates led in clinical school, we can define assumptions regarding the results of issue †based learning. Clinical analysts show that issue †based learning gives understudies the chance to pick up hypothesis and substance information and comprehension.According to Schmidt subjective impacts of issue †based learning are the accompanying: (an) underlying investigation of the issue and actuation of earlier information through little gathering conversation, (b) elaboration on earlier information and dynamic preparing of new data, (c) rebuilding of information, development of a semantic system, (d) social information development, (e) learning in setting, and (f) incitement of interest identified with introduction of an important issue. Constructivism and Problem †Based LearningConstructivism is a philosophical view on how we come to comprehend or know. It is, in our psyche, most firmly sensitive to the realistic way of thinking of Richard Rorty (1991) as cited Duffy and Savery, 2001. We will portray the philosophical view as far as three essential suggestions by Rorty (1991) just as vonGlaserfeld (1989). Initially, understanding is in our connections with the earth. This is the center idea of constructivism. We can't discuss what is discovered independent ly from how it is found out, as though an assortment of encounters all lead to the equivalent understanding.Learning happens just through self †action. (Froebel 1976). Dewey recommended that training should based on the child’s interests and encounters. (Ernest as cited by Douglas, 1994). Since comprehension is an individual development, we can't share understandings yet rather we can test how much our individual understandings are good. A ramifications of this suggestion is that cognizance isn't simply inside the individual but instead it is a piece of the whole setting. (Savery and Duffy, 2001).Secondly, subjective clash or puzzlement is the upgrade for learning and decides the association and nature of what is found out. At the point when we are in a learning situation, there is some upgrade or objective for learning †the student has a reason for being there. That objective isn't just the improvement for learning, yet it is an essential factor in figuring out wha t the student takes care of, what related knowledge the student brings to hold up under in building a comprehension, and, fundamentally, what comprehension is inevitably constructed.In Dewey's terms it is the â€Å"problematic† that prompts and is the coordinator for learning (Dewey, 1938: Savery and Duffy,2001). For Piaget it is the requirement for convenience when current

Infinite Virtue :: William Shakespeare Antony Cleopatra Essays

Unending Virtue IV.viii of Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra is a short scene, under 40 lines, and an altogether unforeseen one. The first scenes of Act IV, for example, Hercules' flight and Enobarbus' departure, vigorously portend Antony's destruction. At the point when Antony wins his fight against Caesar and comes back to Cleopatra in IV.viii, the delight of their gathering appears differently in relation to the surrender all expectations regarding Act IV. Antony's triumph is a negative mark against destiny and a tribute, yet fleeting, to the intensity of Egypt. The relationship of sovereignty and eternality was a typical custom not constrained to the Elizabethans' reality picture. In this scene, Antony depicts Cleopatra as a goddess, uncovering her association not exclusively to the cosmos yet in addition to the more explicit elements of the affection goddess Isis. Cleopatra is an extraordinary pixie (IV.viii.12), ready to favor (IV.viii.13) troopers with her discourse. As the day o'th'world (IV.viii.13) who will ride (IV.viii.16) in Antony's heart, she all the more especially takes after a sun divinity, envisioned by the Egyptians as riding in a freight ship and by the Romans as in a chariot. Cleopatra's relationship with the day proceeds up until her demise; Charmian perceives that the brilliant day is done/and we are for the dim (V.ii.192-3) and Cleopatra sees that her light is burned through (IV.xv.89). In Act V, the association is bleak, yet here it is energetic and positive. However in both demise and life, the cozy relationship of Cleopatra and Egypt to fire and the higher components is ubiquitous; Antony swears by the fire/that animates Nilus' sludge (I.iii.69-70); Cleopatra before her passing is fire and air (V.2.288); your snake of Egypt is bred...by the activity of your sun (II.vii.26-7) That fire ought to so frequently be connected to life is obvious, given the basic association among warmth and sex, similarly as the heart where Cleopatra will ride has for quite some time been a howls (I.i.9). Likewise present is a thought of fundamental warmth, as when Cleopatra welcomes Iras to take the last warmth (V.ii.290) of her lips before her self destruction. Regardless of whether lucky or not, Cleopatra is a feeling of essentialness. Indeed, even Antony experiences remaining eternality, maybe from Cleopatra's having dressed him; he is vast uprightness (IV.viii.17) and master of rulers (IV.viii.16), resounding the prediction that the Lamb will defeat [the ten kings], for he is Lord of rulers and King of rulers (Revelation 17:14). In battling for Egypt Antony quickly wrests overcoming destiny from Octavius, whose explanation that the hour of all inclusive harmony is close.

Personal Narrative: My Visit to Agra and the Taj Mahal Essay -- essays

Taj Mahal Out of numerous spots I visited all around the globe, the spot I like the most is the wonderful city of Agra. It’s a very town situated on the North of India. At the point when we talk about Agra one picture that comes as a primary concern is Taj Mahal. Indeed one of the seven marvels is here. Agra is brimming with compositional landmarks. What's more, I additionally visited Agra Fort, Fatehpur Sikri, and Buland Darwazaand. Nourishment was not so much good. Other than Taj Mahal, Agra is acclaimed for painstaking work, calfskin and expressive arts. It was fun shopping at Agra. Taj Mahal. ( Mahal is the word in urdu language utilized for Palace) How would i be able to depict The Taj Mahal? You can’t its inconceivable. You simply need to encounter it. To look in wonder at that grand vault and rich nurseries will be a second that you recall for an amazing remainder. It is probably the best sight on the planet, some state the best, and like Victoria Falls, The Grand Canyon, and Macchu Picchu, it just is a unique little something you need to find in your life. The compositional elegance and evenness of the Taj Mahal just blows your mind. We had picked our visit cautiously - the sun was setting and the light that washed over the Taj was brilliant in shading. The minarets were presently unmistakable against the setting sun . The real vault was an astonishment, it isn't yellow-white however blue-white and shrouded in engravings and detail. From underneath it appeared as though something out of Middle Eastern Nights. But inside were the tombs of Mumtaz Mahal and Shah Jahan. The focal tomb is a grandiose chamber with light gushing through fine latticework, and hanging above was a detailed light. Words can't depict its excellence when you remain on that marble stage disregarding the Yamuna, with the setting sun transforming it into a brilliant strip. You may a... ...conventions. I brought Agra carpets, Agra Marble. As the world celebrated Taj Mahal is made simply of Marble, it is characteristic that the business sectors must be overflowed with the imitations of the Taj in marble, minimal stone elephants, and beautiful marble liners. Agra is likewise celebrated for calfskin industry, The cowhide laborers of Agra offer shoes, shoes, shoes, handbags, wallets, sacks, belts, dress, lampshades, furniture, beanbags and a lot more things made of cowhide. We can buy at moderate costs with wide decisions. Various individuals have various perspectives on the Taj however it is sufficient to state that the Taj has its very own existence that jumps out of marble, if you comprehend that it is a landmark of adoration. As a compositional perfect work of art, nothing could be included or deducted from it. I figure everybody should visit Taj Mahal at any rate once in their life, in the event that they get an opportunity.

Information Essay Topics For Middle School - How to Come Up With Topics

Information Essay Topics For Middle School - How to Come Up With TopicsWhen it comes to writing informational essays for middle school students, many have considered the three basic essays: Academic Essay, Writing Essay and Testing Essay. In all honesty, there are several others as well that can be used to write an effective essay. The choice is up to you on which topics to focus on.One of the best methods for coming up with ideas for free essay topics for middle school is by brainstorming. Sometimes ideas just seem to pop up in one's head, so if you have any right now, then why not apply it for use in your next essay? Just a few minutes' brainstorming will suffice!Two other strategies for coming up with interesting topics for middle school are checking out what resources are available online. You can find online resources that have already been used by various middle school students who have gotten their middle school homework done. Some online resources might even come with sample assignments for the topics to be covered. It's an excellent way to get some free ideas for essay topics.Your third option for developing valuable topic ideas for middle school is to talk to your children and ask them if they have any ideas to share with you. If you don't know what topic they are working on, you can ask them what they would prefer and why. Or you could ask them to write down the topic you are thinking of.Talking to other students will be great ways to learn about the topics you are going to cover in your informational essay for middle school. At times, you may be able to refer to the work of others for topics you can include in your essay. If you are not familiar with any writer or essay topic, you can check out online publications to get a good idea on the subject.Doing some research on different sources is also another method you can use for coming up with several topics for middle school. You can search online sites, ask your child or look for books, magazines or newspaper articles. When it comes to research, you might want to search for information on the topic.By reading about the topic and using various sources you have access to, you can come up with a few useful ideas for essay topics for middle school. Use these methods when coming up with topic ideas for your essays.

How to Prevent Drug Addiction Problems in the Workplace Free Essay Example, 1500 words

It is interesting that people prefer cocaine because it does not limit a person s intellectual and cognitive abilities (Potter Orfali, 1998). According to the National Institute on Alcohol and Alcoholism, every single time at least 15% of the American workforce is under the influence of alcohol while at work. Workplace alcohol abuse is observed to be greater in men than women, unmarried employees than married ones, younger employees than their older counterparts and in those employees working irregular and night shifts (Chapman, 2007). The use of drugs impairs employees decision-making abilities, compromises their physical abilities and prevents them from exercising sound judgment (Coalition against drug abuse, 2014). This has fatal consequences when at the workplace especially in the presence of tools, heavy materials, and construction work. It is evident that between 10%-20% of workers who die in the workplace have been proved to use either drugs or alcohol (Coalition against dru g abuse, 2014). Although it is expected that employees in the most dangerous occupations such as mining and construction would exercise the most caution, a study by OSHA indicates otherwise. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Prevent Drug Addiction Problems in the Workplace or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page They exhibit a tendency to miss work, often calling in sick or with a number of excuses. Employees with alcohol problem record higher absent levels than other employees (Potter Orfali, 1998).

Essay about Case Study 2 Business managent - 621 Words

Verizon 1. Using the competing values framework as a point of reference, how would you describe Verizon’s current organizational Culture? Provide examples to support your conclusions. A clan culture is a family like or tribe like type of corporate environment that emphasizes consensus and commonality of goals and values. Clan cultures are the most collaborative and the least competitive of the four main corporate culture models. Mentoring, employer commitment and employee engagement are thought to promote empowerment and loyalty that will drive productivity and business success. Verizon’s employees are the embodiment of that belief. Whether they’re mentoring students, helping non-profits build capacity or running to support a†¦show more content†¦4. Does Mr. Lowell want to create more of a mechanistic or organic organization? Explain. Mr. Lowell wants to create an organic organization. Within an organic organization there are fewer procedures, informal communication, and networks of employees who are encored to cooperate and respond quickly to unexpected tasks. This is why there is so much emphasis on training at Verizon. Employees must know how to respond with operational effectiveness and training at Verizon. Employees must know how to respond with operational effectiveness and high performance in an organization that values innovation. Due to the fact that technology changes so rapidly and their employees must be able to change and adapt quickly the use of policy manuals or stacks of procedure will be a waste of time and paper. 5. What is the most important lesson from this case? Discuss The most important lesson from this case is Verizon’s management recognizing the need to change their culture in order to implement their new strategic plan and meet the company’s business goals. One of the company’s significant goals was to create a leadership culture that lead for shareholder value. In order to change a company’s culture the senior leadership must be involved and believed in it. Verizon decided to increase the number of internal subject matter experts (SMEs) and gave them the authority to make changes and recommendations through the use of cross business units and crossShow MoreRelatedPower1251 Words   |  6 PagesThe Alcan Case Description This case describes the evolution of IT management at Alcan during the period from 2006-2007. At that time, IT governance and the IT function itself were undergoing a complete transformation. 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Ishwar Singh Designation Principal School SKV, Mata Sundri Road,, Delhi-110002 RPVV, Narela Delhi-110040 G.B.S.S.S., Mata Sundri Road Delhi-110002 S.B.V., Rouse Avenue, DDU Marg, Delhi-110002 2. Lect. Commerce 3. Sh. Vinod Kumar Lect. Commerce 4. Smt. Nikhat Islam Lect. Commerce 1   XII  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  Ã‚  Business  Studies   Read MoreThe Rise and Fall of Jimmy Hoffa Essay3172 Words   |  13 PagesBeck during the early 1950s. Beck saw the drive in Hoffa as an asset to the Teamsters. Though the Teamsters were under watch by the AFL-CIO and the federal government, Hoffa took on the challenge of improving the Teamsters. Hoffa combined a business sense of industrial tycoon with political instinct of big city boss and showmanship of a vaudeville entertainer. 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Encyclopedia of Global Bioethics Law †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Encyclopedia of Global Bioethics Law. Answer: Introducrtion: Euthanasia is considered as a deliberate act that results in death caused by one person with the primary intention of terminating life of another person with a view to relieve that person from his or her sufferings. Euthanasia, which is also known as physician-assisted or assisted suicide or mercy killing, includes refusals of treatment, which includes life-support treatment or artificial nutrition and hydration[1]. There have been several arguments with respect to the legalization of euthanasia worldwide where some construe euthanasia as practice of terminating the life of a person without causing any further pain to such person. One the other hand, some considers the practice as a sin on religious ground. This essay discusses about the contrasting opinions regarding legalization of Euthanasia in two such countries UK and Luxembourg. The essay concludes with the impact of euthanasia on the society focusing on the difference in culture, morals and values of both the countries. In the United Kingdom, mercy killing there is no specific legislation that governs euthanasia instead circumstances that are described as euthanasia is often treated as manslaughter or murder in the UK. According to the Suicide Act of 1961, the practice of euthanasia is an offence amounting to criminal liability of the person assisting a person to terminate his/her life. The person liable for committing such offence shall be imposed a maximum penalty of life imprisonment in jail and for the commission of assisted suicide; the offender shall be imposed 14 years of imprisonment[2]. There is an important distinction between passive and active euthanasia in UK. Since the Bland ruling of 1993, assisted suicides which refers to the removal of life-saving care are not considered unlawful in the UK, but, active euthanasia which refers to any conduct that puts end to the life of another person, even without the consent of such person[3]. The only alternatives available for terminally ill patients in the UK are hospice care or refusal of treatment, which is applicable to patients suffering from mental disorder[4]. On the other hand, doctor assisted suicide or euthanasia is legal in a number of European countries such as Luxembourg. Luxembourg is the third European country that has legalized euthanasia on 16 March 2009 and has selected to adopt euthanasia clinics where the aged may decided to terminate their lives. However, In February 2008, the Luxembourg Chamber of Deputies adopted the Law on the Right to Die with Dignity[5]. The law encompasses both doctor-assisted suicides and euthanasia but a person who performs euthanasia or provide assistance in suicide must establish the presence of the following conditions. Firstly, the patient was statutorily competent while requesting for such assistance, in case the patient is 16 or below 18 years, has obtained consent of their parents. Secondly, the request is voluntary and the patient is suffering from an incurable medical condition resulting in unbearable physical or mental pain. The Law establishes a National Commission of Control and Evaluation to examine the implementation of the law. Luxembourg faced a constitutional crisis as the monarch of the country, Grand-Duke Henry, refused to sign the Euthanasia Bill into law on religious grounds. However, a significant change in the Luxembourgish Constitution was undertaken, which excluded signature of the head of the state for implementation any act of legislation. The primary factors that have influenced people in UK not to legalize euthanasia are the utilitarian role of governance and the inability of the government to control the violation of people taking life of other persons. Euthanasia weakens the respect for the sanctity of life and acceptance of euthanasia shall imply that the lives of the disabled are worth less than the lives of normal persons[6]. Voluntary euthanasia often leads to involuntary euthanasia and results in killing of people with physical and mental disability. From the religious perspectives, legalization of euthanasia shall be contrary to the will of God according to which committing, abetting or aiding suicide is a sin. In Luxembourg, Jean Huss, a member of parliament of the Green Party and the co-sponsor of the Euthanasia Bill had argued against non-legalization of euthanasia. He stated that conditions incorporated in the Die with Dignity law, shall permit euthanasia for people, who are terminally ill and with incurable disease that is making them suffer unbearable mental and physical pain[7]. Further, consent of such persons shall be mandatory along with the compulsory consent of two doctors and expert panels. The purpose of the Euthanasia Bill is not to terminate or kill somebody and neither for the doctors and parents. It is for the patients and only consent of the patient shall be final decision to put an end to his/her sufferings[8]. The central argument against euthanasia is that it might compel the old and disabled to terminate their life. However, the drafters of the Bill assure that right to die shall be applicable to those who shall use the option of euthanasia and not on others. Besides, Human Rights Act 1998, depriving a person to release oneself from unbearable sufferings shall amount to degrading and inhuman treatment[9]. From the above discussion, it can be inferred that the impact of legalizing euthanasia shall take into consideration of the impact it has on societal, governmental, institutional level as well apart from individual level. It is important to consider effect of legalizing the practice of mercy killing but also the impact such legislation would have on the society, values and societal institutions. The arguments in favor of legalizing euthanasia in Luxembourg is appropriate as it is based on the fact that despite the application of all possible measures to relieve the patient from his/her sufferings, the patient decides to terminate his/her life due to the unbearable pain, he/she should be entitled to be relieved from such unbearable pain[10]. While researching on this essay topic, I have not only gained sufficient knowledge about the concept of euthanasia and the legal impact of euthanasia on the society, its values and the societal institutions but also enhanced my skills in researching and writing an essay topic. The topic on euthanasia has enabled me to understand the difference in aspects in both the countries, UK and Luxembourg. United Kingdom considers the practice of mercy killing as manslaughter or murder, thus, amounting to criminal offence under the Suicide Act 1961. However, researches revealed there are various differences in perspectives towards the legalization of euthanasia in Luxembourg[11]. While preparing this essay, I have been able to outline the structure in the introduction part of the essay and proceed with the entire essay according to the structure of the essay plan. This essay was structured in a way that it explained the concept of euthanasia in the introduction and the impact of the practice of mercy killing in the United Kingdom and Luxembourg. As per the essay structure, the viewpoints on legalizations of euthanasia in both the countries have been explained elaborately. After conducting further extensive research about the factors, that had influenced the United Kingdom not to favor legalization of the practice of mercy killing and the influencing factors that have led to the legalization of euthanasia in Luxembourg, I have briefly stated the same. I could mention them briefly due to the restricted word count that was allotted to complete the essay. However, although there is a difference between both the countries with respect to their legalization of euthanasia, the arguments that do not favor its legalization are similar. The central argument against euthanasia is that it would affect aged persons who shall be compelled to terminate their life. However, the Euthanasia Bill states that right to die shall have an impact on those who shall use the option of euthanasia and not on others. Researching on such arguments explains that people not favoring the legalization base their arguments primarily on religious and moral grounds. I have learnt that member of Churches and other people who do not favor euthanasia are of the opinion that God is the ultimate creator and only He has the right to put an end to a life. Any other person who attempts to take away the lives of other persons is sinners and is acting against morality and societal institutions[12]. Thus, this essay paper has not only enabled me to enhance my writing and research skills but it has helped me gain a much wider knowledge about euthanasia. This experience shall help me use my writing and research skills as a legal executive while drafting and dealing with cases related to euthanasia in future, thus, giving a boost to my career. Reference list Annadurai, Kalaivani, Raja Danasekaran, and Geetha Mani. "'Euthanasia: Right to die with dignity'."Journal of family medicine and primary care3.4 (2014): 477. Cohen, Joachim. "Acceptance of euthanasia and the factors influencing it."Entscheidungen am Lebensende. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH Co. KG, 2016. Danyliv, Andriy, and Ciaran O'Neill. "Attitudes towards legalising physician provided euthanasia in Britain: The role of religion over time."Social Science Medicine128 (2015): 52-56. Dierickx, Sigrid, et al. "Involvement of palliative care in euthanasia practice in a context of legalized euthanasia: A population-based mortality follow-back study."Palliative Medicine(2017): 0269216317727158. Gordon, Daniel, Claire E. Raphael, and Vassilios Vassiliou. "Assisted dyingshould the UK change its stance?."Medicine, Science and the Law 55.2 (2015): 71-77. Hudson, Peter, et al. "Legalizing physician-assisted suicide and/or euthanasia: Pragmatic implications."Palliative supportive care13.5 (2015): 1399-1409. Inbadas, Hamilton, et al. "Declarations on euthanasia and assisted dying."Death studies(2017): 1-11. Kimsma, Gerrit. "Euthanasia: Active."Encyclopedia of Global Bioethics. Springer International Publishing, 2016. 1178-1188. Radbruch, Lukas, et al. "Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide: a white paper from the European Association for Palliative Care."Palliative medicine30.2 (2016): 104-116. Seale, Clive. "Analysis of health communication texts: UK press coverage of debates about assisted dying."Mtode Science Studies Journal-Annual Review6 (2016). Sharp, Shane. "Belief in miracles and attitudes towards voluntary euthanasia."Death studies41.4 (2017): 211-219. Subba, Sonu Hangma, et al. "Doctors Attitude Towards Euthanasia: A Cross-sectional Study."Journal of The Association of Physicians of India64 (2016): 44.

Short Story About Bullying free essay sample

Pablo etched her face with broad pencil strokes. Two fine lines hinted at eyebrows, lifted in a lipless smile. The large eyes were slightly downcast, lashes thick and soft. Prominent cheekbones hovered above a thin jaw line and soft chin. None of the features were completely filled in. Only one nostril was finished, the eyes were half shaded, and light waves of hair framed the sides of her face and neck. Tiny wrinkles at the edge of her mouth spoke of tears and laughter. Pablo’s pencil bobbed and flicked across the page. He worked quickly, touching down in random corners of the portrait. He thickened a bit of shadow under the left eye, added another lock of hair, and sharpened the edge of the woman’s lip. Pablo was so engrossed in the drawing that he was not aware of his teacher standing just behind him, looking over his shoulder. We will write a custom essay sample on Short Story About Bullying or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"That’s beautiful. I’m glad to have you in my class, Pablo. You are very talented. † Ms. Sanadi smiled at him. â€Å"Who is it? † â€Å"It’s, um, no one really. † Pablo set his pencil down and glanced around at the other tables of students. He felt uncomfortable, as he always did, when teachers praised him. It was hard enough being the new student. It’s obvious you’ve had some practice. † Ms. Sanadi took a step closer and leaned down to admire the sketch. She was close enough for Pablo to smell faint perfume, like crushed petals. â€Å"She looks sad somehow, but very pretty. † â€Å"Thanks ma’am,† Pablo replied quietly. â€Å"Now nothing against this fine lady, Pablo, but I’m obliged to make one critical comment. † Ms Sanadi grinned, as if to belay her tone. â€Å"As I said at the start of class, we are working on contour drawing. This is lovely, especially around the eyes, but contour drawing is just lines – no shading. † â€Å"Sorry ma’am,† he said, â€Å"I’ll start over. He picked up the portrait, folded it once, and set it to the side. â€Å"Oh, don’t worry dear, there’s no rush. I won’t ask you to turn anything in until the end of the week. † She stepped away from the table as her sentence trailed off. When Pablo glanced up, Ms. Sanadi was already examining someone else’s work. He pulled a new piece of paper in front of him, picked up his pencil, and started sketching the classroom. He was seated near the back of the room, so he began outlining the tables of students directly in front of him, heads hunched in s ynchronous slouch. He gave this row the thickest, darkest lines. He was careful not to shade, although he much preferred to include the softer details. After faintly delineating the first row, Ms. Sanadi’s desk, and the chalkboard, Pablo returned his attention to the students directly in front of him. A petite girl with an overlarge sweater had her backpack on the table, separating her from the two rowdy boys who shared the space. The boy immediately to her right looked fragile. His head twitched from the tabletop to his companion; they snickered at a private joke. The other boy was large and bullish, with a meaty forehead and a cruel sound to his whisper. Pablo could not make out what they were saying, but he wasn’t trying to listen either. His concentration was on the creases in their clothes, their hunched posture, the chips and cracks in their seatbacks. â€Å"Okay everyone,† Ms. Sanadi spoke extra loud to cut into the murmur. â€Å"Sarah’s not feeling well, so I’m going to walk her down to see Jason. Keep working and keep your voices down, I won’t be gone long. † Pablo hadn’t noticed the sickly girl at the front of the class. She had nut-brown skin like Pablo, but there was a green hue to her cheeks. She wobbled beside Ms. Sanadi, eyes on the floor. A moment later the door closed, and the voices in the room burgeoned. Pablo ignored the chatter, kept his head down, and continued drawing. Several minutes passed and the teacher did not return. The volume continued to rise, and soon Pablo was the only student not talking to a neighbour. True, he was the only one seated at his particular table, but this was also his first day at Central Secondary, and Pablo had learned long ago that new students do well to keep their mouths shut until they get their bearings. He estimated that he would need two weeks’ reconnaissance before he could map out the cliques and cabals of his new environment. Not that Pablo expected to stay at this school long – he never did – but he was accustomed to the rigmarole of being the new kid. Just as Pablo started etching the folds in the girl’s backpack, the large boy at her table yelled at someone across the room. â€Å"Did you just say my name? † The boy got to his feet. â€Å"You better not be talking about me you little freak. † Pablo saw a small head at the front of the class shake back and forth, accompanied by a frightened squawk. The twitchy kid beside the bully chortled encouragement. The frightened boy at the front turned around quickly and sank down in his seat. â€Å"I’m talking to you, Chris. Don’t turn your back on me. † He stepped away from the table and into the aisle between rows. â€Å"What did you say? † â€Å"Nothing. † Chris’s voice squeaked again. He was still seated, but he had turned around once more, mooneyes pocked with fear. â€Å"He said the only reason you’re so big is because you failed sixth grade. Is that true Jenkins? † This came from a freckly, red-haired girl at the table behind Chris. She smiled as she perched on her chair, enjoying the prospect of conflict. Several people chuckled, perhaps at Chris’ expense, or at the insult to Jenkins. The thuggish boy ignored the laughter and took three strides to stand beside Chris. Even from behind, Pablo could see that Jenkins was furious. His shoulders were tense. His neck was reddening. His fists were balled. Pablo set his pencil down. He didn’t like fighting, but even more, he didn’t like bullies. He’d been bullied himself by countless louts, although he always did his best to meet them fist for fist. Pablo wasn’t a very tall boy, but he was fast. More than that, since his earliest memories, his father had trained him in self-defence. After his father died, it hurt too much to continue the training. For almost four years Pablo resisted his mother’s attempts to get him back into martial art classes. Your father would have wanted it,† she’d tell him over and over. Finally, when the loss began to subside, and his fathers memory became shadows and dusty photographs, Pablo consented. Chris stared up at Jenkins, and for a moment Pablo thought nothing would happen. They were in class, after all, and Ms. Sanadi said s he would be right back. But the pause was brief. Jenkins grabbed Chris by the shirt and pulled him to his feet. The smaller boy tried to yell for him to stop, but his voice failed and he produced little more than a yip. â€Å"Leave him alone jerkface,† a girl shouted from behind Pablo. The rest of the room fell quiet. Jenkins ignored the slur and slammed Chris up against the chalkboard. â€Å"What do you know about me flunking grade six? † Jenkins didnt give him time to respond. Chris doubled over as the mallet fist impacted his stomach. He tried to cry out, but the blow winded him and he slid to the ground. Jenkins reached down and grabbed Chris shirt again, forcing him to stand. The boy was crying between gasps for air. Pablo stood up. For a moment he could hear his mothers voice, telling him to sit back down, begging him not to get into trouble on his first day. He could feel several eyes in the room flick up at him questioningly. His shyness melted into a pool of anger. Pablo, with coffee cup eyes steaming out from behind espresso black hair, had a temper. â€Å"Leave him alone,† Pablo said. The twitchy boy at the table in front of him turned to stare incredulously, as if he had never seen anyone stand up to his brutish companion. The girl wedged beside her backpack stared too, with an expression that asked Pablo what he was trying to prove. But Pablo saw neither of them. He stood facing Jenkins, and in him he saw every bully he had ever despised. Who the hell are you? † Jenkins dropped Chris back into a heap of tears and started walking toward Pablo. His lips curled and eyes twinkled with the thrill of having a new target for his frustration. Pablo didnt respond. He watched the bullys movements as he loped down the aisle. Pablo was quietly measuring his reach, anticipating the first move. Jenkins drew his hand back, and instea d of a fist, swung at Pablo with open palm. Although he hadnt expected a slap to the face, Pablo stepped easily outside Jenkins range and the pudgy fingers trod only air. The bully grunted and took another step forward just as Pablo ducked slightly and struck him hard in the ribs. Jenkins groaned. He looked bewildered, and for a moment stood still, not sure what to do next. Pablo hit him again, this time in the solar plexus, winding him as badly as he had done to Chris. Jenkins staggered back, his confidence failing. Something in his head told Pablo to stop, that he had made his point, and that he should sit back down. If he quit now, perhaps everyone would just continue drawing, and he could slip back into his day-one obscurity. But he knew that all eyes were on him, and there was nothing he could do to take that back. And besides, he knew Jenkins would not let this end so easily. With a small hop Pablo pulled his left knee into the air, spun a half-turn, and kicked Jenkins square in the chest with his right. He kicked him harder than he intended, and the bully fell backward, colliding with the edge of a table and knocking over a chair with a loud clatter. If Pablo had been counting, he would have known that seven quick heart beats resounded between the second Jenkins hit the floor, and the moment Ms. Sanadi swung back into the classroom.

The Rise of Patriarchy in Ancient Civilizations essays

The Rise of Patriarchy in Ancient Civilizations essays Patriarchy is defined as a social system in which the father is the head of the family and men have authority over women and children. How did the transition from non-patriarchal to patriarchal culture take place? Darwin's theory of evolution suggested that patriarchy served the best interests of species survival. I agree with Darwin and feel that patriarchy was essential for the human race to last as long as it has but I also think that it is a trend that its rein will soon be over. There are a few reasons for the development of Patriarchy and most of them revolve around the development of agriculture. The civilizations began to develop and become more prosperous because of the agricultural jobs the men had. The jobs that the men accomplished revolved around strength and power and the women of that society couldnt perform those tasks. The roles of the women in this society consisted of gathering food and having children. They could not hunt because they needed to take care of their young ones. The mens roles in this society consisted of the hunting of the food and protecting the community. In this era those things were valued more then the jobs that the women possessed because those jobs could save the lives of all of the people in the community. Another reason that society became more patriarchal was because women are the carriers and bearers of children. In the beginning, women were honored for this but it became a disadvantage later on. The religion that they practiced emphasized the importance of a womens virginity on marriage and stressed modesty. Also a very big portion of the Mesopotamian laws, such as the Hammurabic code, had many laws emphasizing limits and inferiority of the women. Because of this many women were looked down upon and treated as property and a way to keep the civilization going and pass on the family name. Oddly enough women were very accepting of the laws and restrictions that we...

Congress and State legislatures policy communication Assignment

Congress and State legislatures policy communication - Assignment Example Communicating these systems pose a challenge as no precise meaning can be conveyed. The US Department of Health and Human Services as an example consists of many offices that are faced with communication problems. Practical implementation of public policies is difficult since there are no clear directives that can be followed (Hayes, 2013). Guidelines give meaning to a system, therefore, when they lack clarity, implementation becomes difficult. A vague policy is used to create an impression on the service recipient that something is being done to solve a problem (Hayes, 2013). Vague and ambiguous policies are deliberately passed to give reassurance to the people and give them confidence in the Congress and Legislature. Vague policies give the President and Congress an opportunity to claim credit for the high-sounding principles enacted into law (Fonow. and Cook, 2014). The president and Congress can avoid taking responsibility for any unpopular actions that administrators must take to implement new policies. Vague public policies lack accuracy and consistency in transmission creating biases in interpretation from the people who disagree with the policy. A struggle comes about in maintaining accurate communications of these policies as no precise meaning is conveyed. There cannot be effective implementation of public policies since there are no clear directives that can be followed. Vague policy communication is useful in cases where Congress and the president do not know what to do about a problem. They create an impression to the service recipient that something is being done to solve a problem. They give the president and Congress an opportunity to avoid taking responsibility for any unpopular actions that administrators must take to implement new

MARKETING ASSINGMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MARKETING ASSINGMENT - Essay Example Generally, most of the people blindly rush after various fashion brands only because of their influential names and the profound elite type aura of the different products that is mostly only superficial. Apparently, consumers find out the reality of such products only after they personally experience them and learn that whatever shines is not always gold. According to Kyle (2010), classic and sophisticated, Dior products will never go out of fashion since it adapts to changing styles. In my opinion, the case with Dior is completely different when it comes to matching class and quality of work with the fame of the brand name. I have never been disappointed by any of its products, be it fragrances or clothes or beauty products. The way almost every single product is perfectly manufactured and then superiorly advertised in the market after completion, is way too remarkable and obvious to ignore. The hallmark of Dior is that one is simply captivated by the mesmerizing spell of the many perfumes and clothing lines one can easily find in the market. Summing up, I would like to say that appropriately and flawlessly matching class with fame can never be classified as a trifle job and this is what Dior is all

Devil in the White City Book Summary Essay Example for Free

Devil in the White City Book Summary Essay The Devil in the White City, written by Eric Larson, is a gripping novel of two polar opposite men during the building of the World’s Fair in Chicago. It surrounds two characters, both extremely talented at their ‘craft’ and perfectly depicts the rush for industrialization in this time. It follows the lives of Daniel H. Burnham, the fairs brilliant director of works and the builder of many of the countrys most important structures, and Henry H. Holmes, a serial killer who built a hotel turned torture chamber complete with a dissection table, gas chamber, and crematorium. This story is so interesting because it details true life events and uses real life characters such as Susan B. Anthony, Thomas Edison, and Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Meshing these two characters together enhances the intensity of the story and truly shows the effect of the building of the World’s Fair on Chicago in late 1880 and early 1890. The book begins in 1890, when Chicago is a candidate to hold the World’s Fair, or the World’s Columbian Exposition, meant to commemorate Columus’ arriving in America. Daniel Burnham was responsible for building the White City. He overcame multiple crushing obstacles and personal tragedies to make the Fair the magical, awe-inspiring event that it was. He brought together some of the greatest architects of the Gilded Age such as Charles McKim, George Post, Richard Hunt, Frederick Law Olmsted, and others, and convinced them of the importance of the Fair. Burnham somehow got them to work together to achieve what many considered to be an impossible project in an astonishingly short amount of time. The result of their strenuous hard work ended in a beautiful even that brought almost 40 million people to the city of Chicago and transformed the shoreline of Chicago forever. A few miles away, in the suburb of Englewood, a different kind of story was unfolding. Dr. H. H. Holmes had built a boarding house turned torture chamber on one full city block. Holmes was described as a handsome, blue-eyed charmer who had away with women. He would seduce, mesmerize, and intrigue them, all the way up until the pint at where he killed them. He had many ways of torture and death, such as smothering them with ether-soaked rags, of locking them in an air tight chamber and releasing poisonous gas into them. After killing his victims, Holmes would often dissect them; removing their skin, selling their skeletons to be used in medical school. He truly was the worst victim, due to his sociopathic mind that prayed on the vulnerable and found a certain unexplainable joy in the art of killing.

Essay --

â€Å"It was not without justification that the OECD 1979 report on the impact of the newly industrialized countries referred to Japan as the forerunner of the NICs† (Dore, 1986). Over the ages, Japan has developed from a powerful economy in Asia, to the third biggest economy in the world after the United States at number one, and the People’s Republic of China at number two, Japan in fact was the second biggest economy in the world until the year 2010 when China’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) got higher at $1.337 trillion, more than Japan’s $1.288 trillion GDP. Japan has over the years struggled to fight deflation, which has been a major problem to their economic growth. The growth of Japan’s economy will be looked at from four basic perspectives, the historical miracle of the bubble economy, the current deflationary and debt crises Japan is facing, the direction of the economy right from the economic miracle of the 1950s, and an insight to the fut ure of Japan. Japanese economic growth can be sectioned into three different historic eras namely, the Tokugawa (EDO) period, the Meiji period, and the post-war span. The Tokugawa period also recognized as the Edo period, lasted from 1603 - 1867, during this period, Japan under the rule of Emperor Iyesu Tokugawa became isolated from the rest of the world, as a result of that they enjoyed internal tranquility, political and economic stability, Japan enjoyed a stable economy because of the embargo the emperor embossed banning farmers from involving in other economic activities apart from the agricultural sector, this policy helped boost Japan’s national economy rapidly from the 1680s to the earliest parts of the 1700s. In 1867 the last Tokugawa shogunate was over thrown, less than a year later... ...lumber of stagnation currently hunting them, the persistent escalation in devaluation combined with high administration debt and low cash spending from the people will make it harder for Japan to recover their economic attitude. The Japanese Prime Minister’s policy are basically aimed at restoring the economy of the country, pessimist economists believe a deflation as great as that of Japan will be difficult to reverse, from the look of new spending power policies from BOJ, the Japanese are expected to increase spending power, thereby increasing PPP which will give rise to inflation in the country. The future of Japan’s economy may yet still be regained as a powerful global economy. The future of the Japanese economy depends on the success of Shinzo Abe’s economic strategies, the rate of deflationary cut-down, and good economic policies.

Ericksons Psychosocial Theory

ERICKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY 1. Erickson’s Psychosocial Theory PSY 104-275 ERICKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY 2. ABSTRACT Erickson’s Psychosocial Theory, PSY 104-274. Erick Erickson was a psychologist that was born in Germany and became famous for his Theory of eight stages of development. Erick believed there were eight influential stages in a human’s life. At each stage, a unique developmental task confronts individuals with a crisis in which must be resolved. According to Erickson the crisis is not a catastrophe, but a turning point marked by both increased vulnerability and enhanced potential.Key Words: psychoanalytic, psychoanalysis, Autonomy, Generativity, Stagnation ERICKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY 3. ERICKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY 4. Erik Erikson was born in 1902 near Frankfort, Germany to Danish parents. Erik found himself in quite an identity crisis while growing up. He was a blonde hair blue eye Jewish boy that found it difficul t to study in Jewish temple because of his looks. And in grammar school he was out casted for being Jewish. He also studied art and a variety of languages during his school years, rather than science courses such as biology and chemistry.He did not like the atmosphere that formal schooling produced, so instead of going to college he traveled around Europe, keeping a diary of his experiences. (Personality Theories, Dr c. George Boeree. ) After a year of doing this, he returned to Germany and enrolled in art school. After several years, Erikson began to teach art and other subjects to children of Americans who had come to Vienna for Freudian training. Erick than met a Canadian dance instructor named Joan Serson who was also teaching at the school where he worked. The couple married in 1930 and went on to have three children.In 1933 he came to the U. S. and took a teaching position at Harvard. In addition to teaching at Harvard he also had a private practice in child psychoanalysis. La ter he held teaching positions at Yale, San Francisco psychoanalytic, Austin Riggs center and the center for advanced studies of behavioral Sciences. He published a number of books on his theories and research, including Childhood and Society and The Life Cycle Completed. His book Gandhi's Truth was awarded a Pulitzer Prize and a national Book Award. Erick retired in 1970. He however continued to write, do research and occasionally lecture.In 1950 serious health problems ERICKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY 5. forced him into full retirement. Erick died in 1994 at the age of 91. (Personality Theories, Dr C. George Boeree. ) Erick Erickson was however probably known best known for is Psychosocial Theory. Erickson’s theory was one in which eight stages of psychosocial development unfold through out a humans lifetime. Each stage consists of a unique developmental task that confronts individuals with a crisis in which must be faced. (Santrock, 2008,16) The first stage, Trust vs. Mistrust, occurs from approximately birth to one year.Erikson defined trust as an essential trustfulness of others as well as a fundamental sense of one's own trustworthiness. He also said that some mistrust is necessary to learn to discriminate between honest and dishonest persons. If mistrust wins over trust in this stage, the child will be frustrated, withdrawn, suspicious, and will lack self-confidence. (Santrock, 2008,16) The second stage, Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt, occurs between ages two and three. During this period it is important that the parents create a supportive atmosphere for their child so it can develop a sense of self-control without a loss of self-esteem.In this stage, Erikson said the child encounters rules, such as which areas of the house he is allowed to explore. (Santrock, 2008,16) The third stage, Initiative vs. Guilt, occurs between ages ERICKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY 6. four and five. This is the stage in which the child must find out what kind of person he/she is going to be. The child develops a sense of responsibility in which the child increases initiative during this period. If the child is irresponsible and is made to feel too anxious then they will have uncomfortable guilt feelings.Erikson believed that most guilt is quickly compensated for by a sense of accomplishment. (Santrock, 2008,16) Erikson's fourth stage, Industry vs. Inferiority, occurs between six years and puberty. This is the period in which the child wants to enter the larger world of knowledge and work. One of the great events and influences of this time is the child's entry into school. This is where he is exposed to the technology of his society: books, multiplication tables, arts and crafts, maps, microscopes, films, and tape recorders.However, the learning process does not only occur in the classroom according to Erikson, but also at home, friend's houses, and on the street. (Santrock, 2008,16) Components of Erikson's prior four stages contribute to the fifth stage, Identity vs. Identity Confusion. This occurs during adolescence. During this period the identity concern reaches climax. (Santrock, 2008,16) Erikson's sixth stage, Intimacy vs. Isolation, occurs during young adulthood. Intimacy with other people is possible only if a reasonably well-integrated identity emerges from stage five. The main concern of Erikson's seventh stage, Generativity vs.Stagnation, is to ERICKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY 7. assist the younger generation in developing and lead useful lives. When the individual feels that he has done nothing to help the next generation then they experience stagnation. The final stage, Integrity vs. Despair, occurs during late adulthood. This is the time in which the individual looks back and evaluates their life. If the previous stages have developed properly then they will experience integrity. If the previous stages have not developed in a positive way then they will feel despair. (Santrock, 2008,16)Ericksonâ₠¬â„¢s model has some advantages and disadvantages to it. One of the advantages is that it is a good model to follow in infancy and in early childhood when there is little or no communication being done between child and parents. The model sets a â€Å"measuring stick† to a child’s normal development that a doctor and parents can use to see if the child is developing behind schedule or ahead of schedule. This all also allows doctors and parents to possibly diagnosis a possible mental abnormality or learning disability. However I believe this model is good to use to assume only if a child is healthy.Once a child or adult is diagnosed with a mental illness of some sort the model cannot be really used anymore. The model also has limitations to it. As I mentioned in the prior paragraph once a child or adult is diagnosed with a mental illness the theory cannot be really only used to a degree. Dependent on what type of learning disability or mental disability the child or ERI CKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY 8. adult may have the person may not be able to recognize these developmental needs that happen throughout his or hers life.The adult or child will heavily depend on his or her caretaker to either support these developmental stages for them or the caretaker may have to be the one that actually supplies these needs and offers the reassurance that is needed to person’s stages. The relevance to society this offers is that it shows us how a healthy individual should develop through life. It is a model for us to follow to know proper developmental stages of a human being from infancy to late adulthood. It helps parents know what is the â€Å"norm† for there children and if maybe there is something developmentally wrong.In older adults it also helps us guide our way into later stages of life. It may help people who feel that they have not been successful in society feel that they are in the normal. They may see that they have developed and contributed to what the normal is expected. This paper helped me realize that there was such a model to develop developmental stages. I realize looking back to my adolescence years I have hit these stages and remember dealing with these problems. It also prepares me for what’s ahead and what to expect in later developmental stages.Being better prepared for my upcoming stages should make my transitions through them much easier. ERICKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY 9. References Essential of lifespan development, John Santrock, University of Texas at Dallas, published 2008 Erickson’s theory of psychosocial development, Kendra Cherry, http://psychology. about. com/od/psychosocialtheories/a/psychosocial. htm Simply psychology, Erickson’ theory, Saul McLeod, published 2008, updated 2013. http://www. simplypsychology. org/Erik-Erikson. html#sthash. byyb8hC6. dpbs Personality Theories, Dr c. George Boeree. http://webspace. ship. edu/cgboer/erikson. html

The Existence of Fate - Heavily Debated for Many Years - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1051 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/07/01 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Manifest Destiny Essay Did you like this example? Is someones destiny really predetermined? Or is life just a series of coincidences and butterfly effects? In Virgils epic, The Aeneid, we follow the Trojan hero, Aeneas, through a difficult journey in an attempt to fulfill his god-given destiny. A key theme in Virgils writing is the emphasis on how the success of the Roman Empire is a guaranteed prophecy. The source of his fortune stems from the Fates and Jupiters plan to grant power, empire without end (Virgil 56) to Aeneass family line. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Existence of Fate Heavily Debated for Many Years" essay for you Create order His fate is set in stone by a higher power, and the foundations of the empire have been set. A prime example of the role of fate in the epic can be seen in book IV of The Aeneid, when Aeneas is compared to a sturdy oak grown tough with age when the Northwinds blasting off the Alps compete, fighting left and right, to wrench it from the earth (Virgil 143) in his decision to follow through with Jupiters reminder. Through Virgils use of Aeneass resolve, supernatural interference, and the importance of piety, Aeneass relationship with Queen Dido contributes to the motif that because of his assigned destiny, the Roman Empire was a success story that was bound to happen. Even in the face of much difficulty and opposition, Aeneass determination to bring about the future success of the Roman Empire remains ever-present. From the initial storm, scattering his men, to the war in Italy, rivaling the very war that cost the lives of so many of his loved ones, Aeneas faces many obstacles in his quest to fulfill his destiny. One obstacle worth noting, is his relationship with Dido. When reminded by Jupiter of his greater purpose, Aeneas makes the resolve to leave for Italy, having to face the tears and emotions of the betrayed Dido. Even so, he remains as firm as a sturdy oak grown tough with age when the Northwinds blasting off the Alps compete, fighting left and right, to wrench it from the earth His will unmoved (Virgil 143). Virgil places emphasis on Aeneass steadfastness, with eleven lines dedicated to his strength against trials and tribulations that threaten to knock him down. Though he takes the full force of love and suffering deep in his great heart (Virgil 143), it isnt enough to cause Aeneas to lose the grasp on his goal completely. As the perfect example of Roman values, Aeneas remains adamant in achieving his destiny. Through the diversions that come his way, Virgil indirectly states that no level of hardship is enough to prevent the Roman Empire from reaching its predestined level of power. Another method in which Virgil hints at the theme of the god-ordained success of the Roman Empire,, is through his implementation of supernatural interference. A clear example of this can be seen when Dido begs for Aeneas to reconsider, in tears at the thought of his abandonment. Aware of Aeneass affection for her, Dido does all she can to make him return to her, resort[ing] to her tears, driven to move the man, her pride to passion. So if die she must, shell leave no way untried (Virgil 142). However, Aeneas offers no response, as he is deaf to all appeals. He wont relent. The Fates bar the way and heaven blocks his gentle, human ears (Virgil 143). As stated, Didos words falls quite literally on deaf ears; not due to Aeneass own stubbornness, but due to the work of the heaven and the Fates in an effort to prevent Aeneas from being swayed. It seems that at moments where human resolve may waver, the gods are sure to keep order in check. Virgils repeated references to the will of the gods unconsciously places even more emphasis on what is believed to be the completely deserved power of Rome. The glory that the empire achieved was due to far more than just the grit and will of men, but also due to Jupiter and the will of The Fates. Through supernatural interference, Virgil adds on to the pride of the Romans, who, much like Aeneas, seem to curry favor with the gods with nothing other than their identity as pious, powerful Romans. However, it is more than just the work of the gods that play a heavy hand in the way the story plays out, but Aeneass own will as well. His piety remains a consistent part of his determination to play out his predetermined role in history. It is important to note that in Latin, the term pietas refers to more than just religion; it also refers to ones duty to his family, and country. Whether it be to the gods, his family, or his country, Aeneas remains steadfast in his obligations. Despite the connection he has shared with Dido, Aeneas is driven by duty Strongly as he longs to ease and allay her sorrow, speak to her, turn away her anguish with reassurance in spite of all he obeys the gods commands and back he goes to his ships (Virgil 141). Though he does hold a great love for Dido, Aeneas is so pious that he puts the will of the gods above his own. Here, Virgil places emphasis on the importance of ones destiny. Though following through with fate may cause pain and suffering, the sacr ifice is essential for the greater goodâ€Å" an understanding that Aeneas knew all too well. As the story moves forward, his sense of duty to a higher power becomes an even more overwhelming motif in his character as a whole. In conclusion, Virgil makes very clear the prominence of destiny in the success of the Roman Empire. Despite the many obstacles that obstruct Aeneass path, nothing is able to prevent him from historic success. Virgils use of supernatural interference supports the idea that through Aeneas, the Romans held favor in the eyes of the gods; that with the heavens on their side, greatness would always be within reach. Furthermore, Aeneass sense of duty to the gods, his nation, and to his people, act as a motivating point for him, pushing him to continue on in his quest despite the personal pain it may cause. Overall, through Aeneass relationship with the Queen Dido, Virgil gives the reader a small peek into a topic widely known as manifest destiny regarding the success of the Roman Empire.